Vietnamese Intermediate-Level EFL Students’ Perceptions of the Effects of the Instructor’s Use of Persuasive Graphic Organizer on Speaking Performance

Authors

  • Phat H. Nguyen Tra Vinh University
  • Phuong Nam T. Nguyen Tra Vinh University

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.17507/tpls.1502.06

Keywords:

intermediate level, persuasive graphic organizer, self-efficacy, speaking performance, Vietnamese EFL students

Abstract

The current study elucidated Vietnamese intermediate-level EFL students’ perceptions of the effects of the instructor’s use of persuasive graphic organizer, a teaching scaffold for speaking, on speaking performance and self-efficacy during speaking practice. Three classes, comprising a total of 89 Vietnamese undergraduate students at intermediate level enrolled in a General English 4 course at a university, were purposively selected for the experimental phase. Participants completed persuasive graphic organizer in each speaking lesson as a scaffold to enhance their speaking performance. At the end of the training course, all participants completed a 36-item questionnaire covering seven dimensions related to the effectiveness of the graphic organizer on speaking performance. Results from the quantitative strand indicated that students demonstrated (i) a higher level of interest in the scaffold, (ii) a higher level of speaking self-efficacy, (iii) self-perceived effective use of the strategy as well as (iv) developing speaking skills. The last part of this paper will discuss the scaffold’s utilization and impacts on Vietnamese EFL learners’ language acquisition in a real classroom context.

Author Biographies

Phat H. Nguyen, Tra Vinh University

Faculty of Foreign Languages

Phuong Nam T. Nguyen, Tra Vinh University

Faculty of Foreign Languages

References

Alaei, M. M., Kardoust, A., & Saeedian, A. (2019). The role of visual scaffolding in enhancing Iranian EFL students’ writing ability. Issues in Language Teaching, 8(2), 187–211. https://doi.org/10.22054/ilt.2020.51861.492

Alshatti, S. A. (2012). Embedding graphic organisers in the teaching and learning of family and consumer sciences in Kuwait [Unpublished doctoral dissertation]. Queensland University of Technology. Retrieved November 30, 2024, from http://eprints.qut.edu.au/60259/1/Safenaz_Ali_Alshatti_Thesis.pdf

Asratie, M. G., Wale, B. D., & Aylet, Y. T. (2023). Effects of using educational technology tools to enhance EFL students’ speaking performance. Education and Information Technologies, 28(8), 10031–10051. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10639-022-11562-y

Baxendell, B. W. (2003). Consistent, coherent, creative: The 3 C’s of graphic organizers. Teaching Exceptional Children, 35(3), 46–53. https://doi.org/10.1177/0040059903035003

Bellanca, J. A. (2007). A guide to graphic organizers: Helping students organize and process content for deeper learning (2nd ed.). Corwin Press.

Brown, G., & Yule, G. (1983). Discourse analysis. Cambridge University Press.

Chand, G. B. (2021). Challenges faced by bachelor-level students while speaking English. Indonesian Journal of English Language Teaching and Applied Linguistics, 6(1), 45–60. https://dx.doi.org/10.21093/ijeltal.v6i1.853

Colliot, T., & Jamet, É. (2018a). Does self-generating a graphic organizer improve students’ learning? Computers & Education, 126, 13–22. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compedu.2018.06.028

Donn, R., & Gimenez, F. (1995). Effectiveness of graphic organizers in computer-based instruction with dominant Spanish-speaking and dominant English-speaking students. Journal of Research on Computing in Education, 28(2), 221–233. https://doi.org/10.1080/08886504.1995.10782162

Fisher, J. B., Schumaker, J. B., & Deshler, D. D. (1995). Searching for validated inclusive practices: A review of the literature. Focus on Exceptional Children, 28(4), 1–20. https://doi.org/10.17161/FOEC.V28I4.6853

Gallavan, N. P., & Kottler, E. (2007). Eight types of graphic organizers for empowering social studies students and teachers. The Social Studies, 98(3), 117–123. https://doi.org/10.3200/TSSS.98.3.117-128

Hameed, U. (2023). Graphic organizers [PowerPoint Slides]. Chartered University.

Hajar, S. (2019). The implementation of graphic organizers to help students generate idea in speaking [Doctoral Dissertation]. Ar-Raniry State Islamic University. Retrieved November 30, 2024, from https://repository.ar-raniry.ac.id/id/eprint/7927

Hughes, R. (2011). Teaching and researching speaking (2nd ed.). Pearson Education Limited.

Jiang, X., & Grabe, W. (2007). Graphic organizers in reading instruction: Research findings and issues. Reading in a Foreign Language, 19(1), 34–55.

Kim, A. H., Vaughn, S., Wanzek, J., & Wei, S. (2004). Graphic organizers and their effects on the reading comprehension of students with LD: A synthesis of research. Journal of Learning Disabilities, 37(2), 105–118. https://doi.org/10.1177/00222194040370020201

Liou, H. C., & Li, S. Y. (2014). The effects of computerized graphic organizers on students’ performance in English reading and writing tasks. International Journal of Computer-Assisted Language Learning and Teaching (IJCALLT), 4(3), 1–19. https://doi.org/10.4018/ijcallt.2014070101

Manoli, P., & Papadopoulu, M. (2012). Graphic organizers as a reading strategy: Research findings and issues. Creative Education, 3(3), 348–356. https://doi.org/10.4236/ce.2012.33055

Marzano, R. J., Pickering, D. J., & Pollock, J. E. (2005). Classroom instruction that works: Research based strategies for increasing student achievement. Pearson Merrill Prentice Hall.

McCrudden, M. T., Schraw, G., & Lehman, S. (2009). The use of adjunct displays to facilitate comprehension of causal relationships in expository text. Instructional Science, 37(1), 65–86. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11251-007-9036-3

Merkley, D. M., & Jeffries, D. (2000). Guidelines for implementing a graphic organizer. The Reading Teacher, 54(4), 350–357. Retrieved November 30, 2024, from https://www.jstor.org/stable/20204917

Miranda, J. N. W. (2011). Effect of graphic organizers on the reading comprehension of an English language learner with a learning disability. Second Language Studies, 30(1), 95–183. Retrieved November 30, 2024, from http://www.hawaii.edu/sls/wp-content/uploads/2014/09/ Miranda-Jessica.pdf

Nabilah, N. F., Kurniawan, E. H., & Ashyar, W. I. (2022). The implementation of the graphic organizer technique in teaching storytelling to improve students’ speaking ability. Education and Linguistics Knowledge Journal, 4(2), 110–122. https://doi.org/10.32503/edulink.v4i2.2952

Nguyen, H. (2024). An investigation into the cognitive validity of the speaking section of the Vietnamese standardised test of English proficiency (VSTEP.3–5). In Chowdhury, R., & Tuan, H. A. (eds.), Engaging with Australasia: Comparative research on ELT and English teacher education (pp. 93–142). Palgrave Macmillan. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-97-4038-3_5

Nguyen, P. H. (2024). Challenges Vietnamese EFL students faced when learning and meeting the requirements of B1 English language proficiency. Journal of Language Teaching and Research, 15(3), 893–901. https://doi.org/10.17507/jltr.1503.22

Onukaogu, C. E. (2012). Inaugural Lecture Series: Vol. 248. Electoral literacy empowerment and attainment of sustainable development: Quo Vadis Nigeria? Obafemi Awolowo University Press.

Pawlak, M., & Waniek-Klimczak, E. (2015). Issues in teaching, learning, and testing speaking in a second language. Springer.

Ponce, H. R., Mayer, R. E., López, M. J., & Loyola, M. S. (2018). Adding interactive graphic organizers to a whole-class slideshow lesson. Instructional Science, 46(6), 973–988. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11251-018-9465-1

Robinson, D. H., & Kiewra, K. A. (1995). Visual argument: Graphic organizers are superior to outlines in improving learning from text. Journal of Educational Psychology, 87(3), 455–467. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-0663.87.3.455

Saindra, R. M., & Mutiarani, M. (2018). Using graphic organizer to improve students’ speaking skill. English Language in Focus (ELIF), 1(1), 55–64. https://doi.org/10.24853/elif.1.1.55-64

Sam, P. D., & Rajan, P. (2013). Using graphic organizers to improve reading comprehension skills for the middle school ESL students. English Language Teaching, 6(2), 155–170. https://doi.org/10.5539/elt.v6n2p155

Samaie, M., & Valizadeh, P. (2023). The gap between teaching, assessment, and learning: EFL teachers’ perceptions and strategies. Language Testing in Focus: An International Journal, 7, 12–27. https://doi.org/10.32038/ltf.2023.07.02

Tang, G. (1992). The effect of graphic representation of knowledge structures on ESL reading comprehension. Studies in Second Language Acquisition, 14(2), 177–195. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0272263100010810

Uba, E., Oteiku, E., & Abiodun-Eniayekan, E. (2016). Towards embedding graphics in the teaching of reading and literature in Nigeria. International Journal of Education Investigations, 3(7), 106–119. Retrieved November 30, 2024, from https://eprints.covenantuniversity.edu.ng/7599/1/IJEI.Vol.3.No.7.09.pdf

Uba, E., Oteikwu, E. A., Onwuka, E., & Abiodun-Eniayekan, E. (2017). A research-based evidence of the effects of graphic organizers on the understanding of prose fiction in ESL classroom. Sage Open, 7(2), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1177/2158244017709506

Ur, P. (2012). A course in language teaching: practice and theory (2nd ed.). Cambridge University Press.

Westrup, H., & Baker, J. (2003). Essential speaking skills. A&C Black.

Zwiers, J. (2004). Developing academic thinking skills. International Reading Association.

Downloads

Published

2025-02-01

Issue

Section

Articles