Paradox in Fadwa Touqan’s Divan “July and the Other Thing” (Tˈamuz walʃɑiʔ alˈʔɑxar)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17507/tpls.1405.15Keywords:
paradox, July and the Other Thing, Fadwa TouqanAbstract
The study presents a critical analysis of the use of paradox in Fadwa Touqan's collection “July and the Other Thing" (tˈamuz walʃɑiʔ alˈʔɑxar). It reveals that the poet willfully employs paradoxes in the collection, including the paradox in the title, which reflects her unique vision. Most of the poems in the collection incorporate various forms of paradox, such as verbal, romantic, dramatic, and motor behaviour paradoxes. The study explores the relationship between the paradox in the title and the other poems, focusing on the dialectic relationship between life and death. The study contributes to the limited body of Arab critical literature dedicated to the theory and practice of paradox in poetry, mainly in the context of Fadwa Touqan's works. Touqan, a prominent Arab poet, constantly used irony as a distinct stylistic feature in her poetry, particularly in "July and the Other Thing".
References
Abdullah, A. Kh. (1986). Analytical Applied Criticism (1st ed.). Baghdad: House of Public Cultural Affairs.
Al-Abd, M. (1994). The Qur'anic Paradox (1st ed.). Cairo: Dar al-Fikr al-Arabi.
Al-Assad, N. D. (2000). Modern Literary Life in Palestine and Jordan until the year 1950 (1st ed.). Lebanon: The Arab Institute for Studies and Publishing.
Al-Dardanji, H. (1994). Fadwa Touqan, Umm Barkan Poet (1st ed.). Jordan: Dar Al-Carmel for Publishing and Distribution.
Al-Nabilsi, Sh. (1966). Fadwa Touqan and Contemporary Jordanian Poetry (1st ed.). Egypt: National House for Printing and Publishing.
Al-Saafin, I. (2001). The Controversy of the Relationship between Two Melodies: A Study of Fadwa Touqan’s Diwan, The Last Melody. Critical Circle at the Nineteenth Jerash Festival, Fadwa Touqan between Women’s Record and Text Space (1st ed.). Jordan: Arab Institute for Studies and Publishing.
Al-Sawah, F. (1996). The Mystery of Ishtar, Feminine Divinity, Origin of Religion and Myth Damascus (6th ed.). Dar Aladdin.
Al-Sheikh, Kh. (2001). Fadwa Touqan's Vision of the Other: A Study in the Dialectic of Poetry and Biography. Critical Circle at the Nineteenth Jerash (1st ed.), Arab Institute for Research and Publishing.
Brooks, C. (1962). Irony as a Principle of Structure. In Morton Dauwen Zabel, Literary Opinion in America (3rd ed.), pp. 729-741). New York: Harper and Row.
Fattouh, M. (1984). Symbol and Symbolism in Contemporary Poetry (3rd ed.). Egypt: Dar al-Ma'arif for Publishing and Distribution.
Grice, H. P. (1975). Logic and conversation. In Speech acts, pp. 41-58. Brill.
Grice, H. P. (1978). Further notes on logic and conversation In P. Cole (Ed.), Syntax and semantics: Vol. 9. Pragmatics (pp. 113-128). New York: Academic Press.
Hamdawi, J. (1997). Semiotics and Addressing. Alam Al-Fikr Journal, 25(3), 79-112.
Muecke, D. C. (1982). Irony and the Ironic (2nd ed.). London and New York: Methuen.
Rosique, S. R. (2013). Irony and humor: pragmatics perspectives. In L. R. Gurillo & M. Ortega (eds.), Irony and humor: From pragmatics to discourse (pp. 17-38). USA, Philadelphia: John Benjamins Publishing Company.
Shabana, N. (2002). Paradox in Modern Arabic Poetry (1st ed.). Jordan: Dar Al-Faris for Publishing and Distribution.
Suleiman, Kh. (1991). The Theory of Paradox. Abhath-Al-Yarmouk, 9(2), 55-84.
Touqan, F. (2015). The Complete Poetical Works. Beirut, Lebanon: Dar Al-Awda.
Zaki, A. K. (1979). Mythology: A Comparative Civilizational Study (2nd ed.). Beirut: Dar al-Awda.
